Search results for " cannabis"

showing 10 items of 37 documents

Tráfico de drogas blandas o que no causan grave daño a la salud

2005

El cometido de estas líneas es explicar, brevemente, aquellos conceptos básicos que delimitan los elementos constitutivos del delito contra la salud pública por tráfico de drogas blandas. Es decir, qué es y en qué consiste lo que usualmente se conoce como tráfico de drogas pero, circunscrito a las llamadas drogas blandas, aquellas que no cau¬san grave daño a la salud: cannabis sativa y sus derivados.

:PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología [UNESCO]:PSICOLOGÍA [UNESCO]UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍADrogas blandas cannabis salud pública tráfico consumo.UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología
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Comercialización sin legalización: Políticas públicas y consumo/comercio de cánnabis en España (1968-2003)

2005

A partir del modelo tripartito de regímenes de control que han propuesto MacCoun y Reuter (2001), en este artículo analizamos la historia de las políticas públicas y las leyes desarrolladas en España en relación a las drogas ilegales entre 1968 y 2004. De tal análisis concluimos: Primero, que el régimen dominante, al menos desde 1983, puede considerarse como un caso de despenalización del consumo, con un estatus penal más favorable para los derivados cannábicos, pero con numerosas oscilaciones y contradic¬ciones tanto en la formulación como la implementación de las leyes y los programas de prevención, control y atención a usuarios. Segundo, que la despenalización, en lo que concierne al cán…

:PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología [UNESCO]:PSICOLOGÍA [UNESCO]UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍAUNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA::PsicofarmacologíaComercialización sin legalización políticas públicas consumo comercio de cannabis en España.
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Intervención socioeducativa de los educadores sociales en una sociedad interdependiente: formación pre-grado en drogodependencias

2005

En este trabajo reflexionamos sobre la importancia de la educación respecto a las cuestiones sociales relacionadas con las drogodependencias, analizamos los Planes de Estudio de la Diplomatura de Educación Social (Real Decreto 1420/91 de 30 de agos¬to) de las universidades españolas, tanto públicas como privadas, centrándonos en las asignaturas que en su denominación hacen referencia explícitamente a las drogas, con objeto de conocer la formación pre-grado relacionada de forma especifica con las mismas. Para ello, se ha utilizado la técnica de Análisis de contenido. Finalmente, examina¬mos las posibilidades de intervención socioeducativa de los educadores sociales res¬pecto a las drogodepen…

:PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología [UNESCO]Educación sociedad intervención socioeducativa formación ámbitos específicos dro¬gas cannabis drogodependencias educadores sociales.:PSICOLOGÍA [UNESCO]UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍAUNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología
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Neuroimagen y adicción II: Correlatos neuroanatómicos y funcionales de la administración aguda, el craving y el consumo crónico de opiáceos, alcohol …

2008

En las últimas décadas las técnicas de neuroimagen han contribuido en gran medida al estudio in vivo de los efectos neurobiológicos del consumo agudo y crónico de sustancias de abuso. El incremento en los últimos años del consumo de alcohol y cannabis, así como las graves consecuencias asociadas al consumo de opiáceos han contribuido al aumento del interés por estudiar los efectos de estas sustancias en el sistema nervioso central. Los objetivos de esta revisión son: (1) presentar los hallazgos más actualizados de neuroimagen en el estudio de los correlatos cerebrales del consumo de opiáceos, alcohol y cannabis, teniendo en cuenta: (i) la administración aguda de estas sustancias, (ii) el cr…

:PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología [UNESCO]Neuroimagen adicción alcohol heroína cannabis administración aguda craving consumo crónico.:PSICOLOGÍA [UNESCO]UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍAUNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología
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Consumo de tabaco, alcohol y cannabis en adolescentes Castellano-Manchegos

2010

El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer la prevalencia del consumo de drogas (tabaco, alcohol y cannabis) en adolescentes de la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha. Para ello, se confeccionó un cuestionario ad hoc a través del cual se midieron los consumos de tabaco, alcohol y cannabis, así como diferentes variables de personalidad, escolares, familiares, cognitivas, de ocupación del tiempo libre, etc. La muestra está compuesta por 243 alumnos de 1º E.S.O. pertenecientes a cuatro colegios privados de la ciudad de Toledo. La media de edad es de 11,89 años y la distribución por sexos corresponde al 45,7% de chicos y al 54,3% de chicas. Nuestros resultados ponen de manifiesto que el t…

:PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología [UNESCO]Prevalencia tabaco alcohol cannabis Castilla-La Mancha.:PSICOLOGÍA [UNESCO]UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍAUNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología
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Daily use, especially of high-potency cannabis, drives the earlier onset of psychosis in cannabis users.

2013

UNLABELLED: Cannabis use is associated with an earlier age of onset of psychosis (AOP). However, the reasons for this remain debated. METHODS: We applied a Cox proportional hazards model to 410 first-episode psychosis patients to investigate the association between gender, patterns of cannabis use, and AOP. RESULTS: Patients with a history of cannabis use presented with their first episode of psychosis at a younger age (mean years = 28.2, SD = 8.0; median years = 27.1) than those who never used cannabis (mean years = 31.4, SD = 9.9; median years = 30.0; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.16-1.74; P < .001). This association remained significant after controlling for gender (HR = 1.39; 95% …

AdultAffective Disorders PsychoticMaleRiskage of onset cannabis drug use gender high-potency cannabis psychotic disorders survival plotsPsychosisPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtySex FactorsDelta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolSettore MED/48 -Scienze Infermierist. e Tecn. Neuro-Psichiatriche e Riabilitat.medicineHumansAge of OnsetPsychiatrySettore MED/25 - PsichiatriaCannabisFirst episodebiologyProportional hazards modelHazard ratioRegular Articlemedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationPsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaFemaleCannabisAge of onsetPsychologySchizophrenia bulletin
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Age of onset of Cannabis use and cognitive function in first-episode non-affective psychosis patients: Outcome at three-year follow-up

2018

In recent years, the effects of cannabis use on cognitive functions in patients with psychosis have been widely studied. Recently, special emphasis has been placed on the impact of age at the onset of consumption on cognition in these patients.349 patients with a first episode of non-affective psychosis were studied. Patients were classified as cannabis users and non-users. Users were divided, according to their age when they began using cannabis, into: early-onset (age  16) and late-onset (age ≥ 16) users. Differences between groups at baseline were studied based on sociodemographic, clinical, and cognitive variables. The groups were longitudinally (3-year) compared on cognitive variables.…

AdultMaleMarijuana AbusePsychosismedicine.medical_specialty030508 substance abuseYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesCognition0302 clinical medicineMemoryHumansMedicineLongitudinal StudiesAge of OnsetPsychiatryBiological PsychiatryEffects of cannabisFirst episodebiologybusiness.industryCognitionbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthCross-Sectional StudiesPsychotic DisordersDisease ProgressionSpeech PerceptionFemaleMarijuana UseCannabisVerbal memoryAge of onset0305 other medical sciencebusinessNeurocognitive030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up StudiesSchizophrenia Research
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Differences in cannabis-related experiences between patients with a first episode of psychosis and controls

2016

BackgroundMany studies have reported that cannabis use increases the risk of a first episode of psychosis (FEP). However, only a few studies have investigated the nature of cannabis-related experiences in FEP patients, and none has examined whether these experiences are similar in FEP and general populations. The aim of this study was to explore differences in self-reported cannabis experiences between FEP and non-psychotic populations.MethodA total of 252 subjects, who met International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 criteria for FEP, and 217 controls who reported cannabis use were selected from the Genetics and Psychosis (GAP) study. The Medical Research Council Social Schedule and t…

AdultMalePsychosismedicine.medical_specialtyExacerbationPopulationMarijuana SmokingSociodemographic datapsychosiPsychotic Disorder03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineexperienceSurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineSettore MED/48 -Scienze Infermierist. e Tecn. Neuro-Psichiatriche e Riabilitat.HumansSurveys and QuestionnaireCannabiYoung adulteducationPsychiatrySettore MED/25 - PsichiatriaApplied PsychologyCannabisCannabis; Cannabis Experience Questionnaire; experiences; first episode of psychosis; psychosis; Adult; Cannabis; Female; Humans; Linear Models; Male; Marijuana Smoking; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychotic Disorders; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult; Applied Psychology; Psychiatry and Mental Healthfirst episode of psychosiFirst episodePsychiatric Status Rating Scaleseducation.field_of_studybiologyCannabis usePsychiatric Status Rating Scalemedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classification030227 psychiatryPsychotic DisordersPsychiatry and Mental HealthCannabis Experience QuestionnaireLinear ModelsLinear ModelFemaleCannabisPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychologyHuman
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Confirmation that the AKT1 (rs2494732) genotype influences the risk of psychosis in cannabis users.

2012

Background Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. One study has suggested that genetic variation in the AKT1 gene might influence this effect. Methods In a case-control study of 489 first-episode psychosis patients and 278 control subjects, we investigated the interaction between variation at the AKT1 rs2494732 single nucleotide polymorphism and cannabis use in increasing the risk of psychosis. Results The rs2494732 locus was not associated with an increased risk of a psychotic disorder, with lifetime cannabis use, or with frequency of use. We did, however, find that the effect of lifetime cannabis use on risk of psychosis was significantly influenced by the rs24947…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPsychosisMarijuana AbuseEpisode of CarePolymorphism Single NucleotideRisk AssessmentOddsInternational Classification of DiseasesRisk FactorsLondonSettore MED/48 -Scienze Infermierist. e Tecn. Neuro-Psichiatriche e Riabilitat.medicineConfidence IntervalsOdds RatioHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic TestingGene–environment interactionPsychiatrySettore MED/25 - PsichiatriaBiological PsychiatryDemographybiologyCase-control studyOdds ratiomedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationConfidence intervalPsychotic DisordersSocioeconomic FactorsCase-Control StudiesFemaleGene-Environment InteractionAKT1 gene cannabis use gene environment interaction psychosis schizophrenia signaling pathwaysCannabisRisk assessmentPsychologyProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktDemographyBiological psychiatry
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Identification of Potential Distinguishing Markers for the Use of Cannabis-Based Medicines or Street Cannabis in Serum Samples

2021

Increasing prescription numbers of cannabis-based medicines raise the question of whether uptake of these medicines can be distinguished from recreational cannabis use. In this pilot study, serum cannabinoid profiles after use of cannabis-based medicines were investigated, in order to identify potential distinguishing markers. Serum samples after use of Sativex®, Dronabinol or medical cannabis were collected and analyzed for 18 different cannabinoids, using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Analytes included delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, 11-hydroxy-tetrahydrocannabinol, 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabinol, cannabigerol, …

Cannabigerolprincipal component analysisEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismTetrahydrocannabivarin01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMicrobiologyArticleCannabicyclol03 medical and health sciencesCannabichromenechemistry.chemical_compoundcannabinoids0302 clinical medicinemedicineserum concentrations030216 legal & forensic medicineDronabinolLC-MS/MSMolecular BiologybiologyTraditional medicinebusiness.industry010401 analytical chemistrymedical cannabisbiology.organism_classificationSativexQR1-5020104 chemical scienceschemistryCannabinolCannabisDronabinolbusinessCannabidiolmedicine.drugMetabolites
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